Non-SI Units Used in the United States

See the explanatory Notes at the end of the page.


Unit Name Abbrev. Definition Quantity Origin

gal Gal 10 mm/s2 * acceleration 4
mile per hour per second mphps 0.447 04 m/s2 * acceleration 5
standard gravity or free fall g 9.806 65 m/s2 * acceleration 3
second of arc (arc second) " 4.848 137 µrad angle, plane 3
second of right ascension s RA 72.722 05 µrad angle, plane 3
minute of arc (arc minute) ' 290.8882 µrad angle, plane 3
mil (angular) (1/6400 circle) mil 0.981 748 mrad angle, plane 6
minute of right ascension m RA 4.363 323 mrad angle, plane 3
degree (arc degree) o 17.453 29 mrad angle, plane 3
point (compass) (1/32 circle) pt 196.3495 mrad angle, plane 3
hour of right ascension h RA 261.7994 mrad angle, plane 3
revolution (turn) r 6.283 185 rad angle, plane 3
percent grade % equation  angle, plane 3
pitch (roofs)   equation  angle, plane 5
square degree deg2 304.617 42 µsr angle, solid 3
revolution per minute rpm 104.72 mrad/s angular speed 3
revolution per second rps 6.2832 rad/s angular speed 3
barn  b 100 fm2 * area 4
circular mil (π/[0.5 mil]2) cm 506.7075 µm2 area 5
square mil sq mil 645.16 µm2 * area 5
circular inch (π/[0.5 in]2) ? cir in 5.067 075 cm2 area 5
square inch sq in 645.16 mm2 * area 1
square foot sq ft 929.0304 cm2 * area 1
square yard sq yd 0.836 127 4 m2 area 1
square (roofing) (100 ft2) sq 9.29 m2 area 5
acre (commercial) (36 000 ft2) ac 3344.523 m2 area 6
acre (US survey) (43 560 ft2) ac 4046.873 m2 area 1
square mile (International) sq mi 2.589 998 km2 area 1
township twp 93.2 km2 area 6
million acres MMAc 4047 km2 area 6
Dobson unit DU 21.4 mg/m2 areal density 6
"pound" (basis weight of book paper) lb 1.48 g/m2 areal density 5
"pound" (basis weight of newsprint) lb 1.63 g/m2 areal density 5
"pound" (basis weight of cover paper) lb 2.70 g/m2 areal density 5
"pound" (basis weight of bond paper) (sub) lb 3.76 g/m2 areal density 5
ounce per square yard ("ounce") oz 34 g/m2 areal density 5
parts per million ppm 1 mg/L concentration 6
parts per billion ppb 1 µg/L concentration 6
parts per trillion ppt 1 ng/L concentration 6
specific gravity (relative density) sp gr 1 Mg/m3 density 3
degrees Baumé (heavy) ? equation  density 3
degrees Baumé (light) ? equation  density 3
degrees Twaddel ? Two equation  density 3
degrees Bark (tanning liquors) ? oBk equation  density 3
degrees Brix (sugar solutions) ? oBrix equation  density 3
degrees Beck ? oBeck equation  density 3
degrees API (API gravity) (petroleum) G equation  density 6
degrees Soxhlet (milk) ? oSx equation  density 3
degrees Ammoniameter (ammonia) ? oAm equation  density 5
degrees oleometer (vegetable oils) ?   equation  density 5
charge unit e 160.2189 zC electric charge 3
faraday (carbon-12) ?   96.4870 kC electric charge 3
mho   1 S * electric conductance 3
ohm circular mil per foot   1.662 426 nW.m electric resistivity 5
electronvolt eV 160.2189 zJ energy 3
erg erg 100 nJ * energy 4
ounce inch (ounce-force inch) ? ozf.in 7.061 553 mJ energy 5
foot pound (pound-force foot) ft.lb 1.355 818 J energy 5
calorie (thermochemical) cal 4.184 J * energy 4
calorie (international table) cal 4.1868 J * energy 4
liter atmosphere (45o latitude) L.atm 101.3 J energy 4
British thermal unit (thermochemical) Btu 1.054 350 kJ energy 5
British thermal unit (International table) Btu 1.055 056 kJ energy 5
kip foot (1000 lbf.ft) kip.ft 1.356 kJ energy 6
foot ton (ton-force foot) ft.tonf 2.711 636 kJ energy 6
Calorie (nutritional) (ADA) Cal 4.186 kJ * energy 4
horsepower hour hp.h 2.6856 MJ energy 5
ton mile (ton-force mile) tonf.mi 14.32 MJ energy 6
therm (GPA std) th 105.506 MJ energy 5
refrigeration ton (US standard) ? ton 303.9 MJ energy 6
million Btu (International table) MMBtu 1.056 GJ energy 5
ton (nuclear devices) t 4.184 GJ * energy 6
horsepower year hp.yr 23.526 GJ energy 5
metric ton of coal equivalent (UN std) mtce 29.3076 GJ * energy 4
metric ton of oil equivalent (1010 cal)   41.84 GJ * energy 4
quad (Q-unit) Qbtu 1.055 EJ energy 6
Richter magnitude M

equation 

energy 6
gallon (US) per day gpd 43.813 µL/s flow, volumetric 6
cubic inch per minute ? cim 273.1 µL/s flow, volumetric 5
gallon (US) per hour gph 1.0515 mL/s flow, volumetric 6
cubic foot per hour CFH 7.866 mL/s flow, volumetric 5
liter per minute L/min 16.666 mL/s flow, volumetric 4
acre foot per year af/y 39.114 mL/s flow, volumetric 6
gallon (US) per minute gpm 63.09 mL/s flow, volumetric 6
cubic foot per minute cfm 471.95 mL/s flow, volumetric 5
miners inch (ID, KS, NE, NM, NV, SD, UT) ?   566.3 mL/s flow, volumetric 5
miner's inch (AZ, CA, MT, OR)   707.9 mL/s flow, volumetric 5
miners inch (CO) ?   737.4 mL/s flow, volumetric 5
gallon (US) per second gps 3.785 L/s flow, volumetric 6
acre foot per day af/d 14.276 49 L/s flow, volumetric 6
cubic foot per second (cusec, second foot) cfs 28.316 85 L/s flow, volumetric 5
million gallons (US) per day mgd 43.812 64 L/s flow, volumetric 6
dyne dyn 10 µN * force 4
poundal ? pdl 138.255 mN force 5
ounce-force ("ounce") ozf 278.0139 mN force 5
pound-force (“pound”) lbf 4.448 222 N force 5
kilogram-force (“kilogram”) kgf 9.806 65 N * force 4
kip (kilopound-force) (1000 lbf) kip 4.448 222 kN force 6
ton-force (2000 lbf) ("ton") tonf 8.896 kN force 6
footcandle fc 10.764 lx illuminance 4
phot ? ph 10 klx * illuminance 4
exposure value EV equation  illuminance 5
magnitude (apparent stellar) mag equation  intensity 3
decibel (sound level) dB equation  intensity, sound 4
phon   equation  intensity, sound 4
sone   equation  intensity, sound 6
noy ?   equation  intensity, sound 6
langley (cal/cm2) ly 41.84 kJ/m2 * irradiation 6
fermi ?   1 fm * length 4
angstrom Å 100 pm * length 4
microinch µin 25.4 nm * length 6
micron   1 µm * length 4
mil mil 25.4 µm * length 6
caliber (US) cal 254 µm * length 6
point (US printers) pt 351.4598 µm * length 6
point (US computers) pt 352.8 µm length 6
agate (1/14 inch)   1.814 mm length 6
pica (US printers) pca 4.217 518 mm length 6
pica (US computers) pca 4.233 mm length 6
Powerpoint centimeter cm 1.0583 cm length 6
inch in 2.54 cm * length 1
hand   10.16 cm * length 1
link (US survey) (1/100 chain) ? li 20.116 84 cm length 1
foot (International) ft 30.48 cm * length 1
foot (US survey) ft 30.480 061 cm length 1
pace (military) (30 inches)   76 cm length 1
yard yd 91.44 cm * length 1
pace (geometrical) (60 inches)   1.52 m length 1
fathom fm 1.8288 m length 1
rod (US survey) (16.5 survey feet) ? rd 5.029 210 m length 1
chain (US survey) ch 20.116 84 m length 1
cable (US) (100 fathoms) ? ca 182.9 m length 5
furlong fur 201.168 m length 1
"klik" or "K" (slang)   1 km * length 4
mile (International) mi 1.609 344 km * length 1
mile (US survey) mi 1.609 347 km length 1
mile (nautical) NM 1.852 km * length 3
township or range T or R 9.66 km length 6
light second   300 Mm length 3
light minute   18 Gm length 3
astronomical unit AU 149.5979 Gm length 3
light year ly 9.46 Pm length 3
parsec pc 30.857 Pm length 3
American wire gauge awg varies  length 6
Birmingham wire gauge BWG varies  length 6
drill numbers   varies  length 6
nail penny d varies  length 2
screw numbers # varies  length 6
shotgun gauge ga varies  length 5
USS standard plate gauge USS varies  length 6
Washburn & Moen gauge W&M varies  length 6
vinyl gauge ga varies  length 6
men's shoe sizes (US)   equation  length 6
women's shoe sizes (US)   equation  length 6
children's shoe sizes (US)   equation  length 6
denier   0.111 mg/m linear density 4
tex ?   1 mg/m * linear density 4
nit ?   1 cd/m2 * luminance 4
foot-lambert ? ft-L 3.426 cd/m2 luminance 4
lambert ? L 1 lm/cm2 * luminance 4
apparent foot-candle fc 10.76 cd/m2 luminance 4
Einstein unit EU

equation 

luminous energy 4
lumerg ?   1 lm.s * luminous energy 4
lumen hour lm.h 3600 lm.s * luminous energy 4
mean spherical candlepower ? MSCP π/4 lm * luminous flux 4
mean horizontal candlepower ? MHCP   lm luminous flux 4
candlepower (candle) cp 1 cd * luminous intensity 4
oersted ? Oe 79.577 47 A/m magnetic field strength 4
maxwell Mx 10 nWb * magnetic flux 4
unit pole   125.6637 nWb magnetic flux 4
gauss Gs 100 µT * magnetic flux density 4
electron rest mass me 0.000 911 yg mass 3
atomic mass unit (unified) (Dalton) u 1.660 566 yg mass 3
"mig" (slang)   1 mg * mass 4
point (jewelers) pt 2 mg * mass 3
grain gr 64.798 91 mg * mass 1
carat (metric) ct 200 mg * mass 3
pennyweight (troy) dwt 1.555 174 g mass 2
dram (avoirdupois) dr 1.771 845 g mass 1
standard cubic foot (natural gas) scf 20.2 g mass 5
ounce (avoirdupois) oz 28.349 523 g mass 1
assay ton AT 29.167 g mass 6
ounce (troy) ozt 31.103 477 g mass 1
pound (avoirdupois) (poundmass) lb 453.592 37 g * mass 1
bushel (oats) (USDA) bu 14.5 kg mass 6
slug (gee-pound) sl 14.593 90 kg mass 5
bushel (barley) (USDA) bu 21.8 kg mass 6
bushel (shelled corn or rye) (USDA) bu 25.4 kg mass 6
bushel (wheat, soybeans, potatoes)(USDA) bu 27.2 kg mass 6
flask (mercury)   34.5 kg mass 5
hundredweight (short or net) cwt 45.4 kg mass 6
barrel (petroleum) bbl 135 kg mass 6
ton (short or net) tn 907.185 kg mass 6
metric ton t 1 Mg * mass 4
ton (long, gross, or displacement) T 1016 kg mass 1
body mass index BMI 1 kg/m2 * mass per height squared 4
Btu per hour (international table) BTUH 293 mW power 5
horsepower (mechanical) hp 745.7 W power 5
refrigeration ton (US com'l) (200 Btu/min)   3.517 kW power 6
solar luminosities   383 YW power 3
energy efficiency ratio ([Btu/h]/W) EER

0.293

W/W power ratio 6
feet of air ?   3.656 Pa pressure 5
millimeters of water mmH2O 9.8064 Pa pressure 4
pound-force per square foot psf 47.88 Pa pressure 5
millibar mb 100 Pa * pressure 4
millimeter of mercury mmHg 133.322 Pa pressure 4
inch of water (60 oF) "WC 248.84 Pa pressure 5
ounce-force per square inch ozi 430.922 Pa pressure 5
foot of water (39.2 oF) ftWC 2.988 98 Pa pressure 5
inch of mercury (60 oF) inHg 3.376 85 kPa pressure 5
pound-force per square inch psi 6.894 757 kPa pressure 5
atmosphere (standard) atm 101.325 kPa * pressure 4
kip per square inch ksi 6.894 757 MPa pressure 6
decibel (sound pressure level) dB

equation 

pressure 4
rad rd 10 mGy * radiation absorbed dose 4
rem R 10 µSv * radiation dose equivalent 4
roentgen R 258 µC/kg radiation exposure 4
curie Ci 37 GBq * radioactivity 4
neper Np

equation 

ratio 3
foot per hour ? fph 84.66 µm/s speed 5
inch per minute ? ipm 423.3 µm/s speed 5
foot per minute fpm 5.08 mm/s * speed 5
inch per second ips 25.4 mm/s * speed 5
kilometer per hour kph 0.2777 m/s speed 4
foot per second fps 0.3048 m/s * speed 5
mile per hour mph 0.447 m/s speed 5
knot kt 0.514 m/s speed 3
mile per minute mpm 26.82 m/s speed 5
Mach number mach

equation 

speed 3
mile per second mps 1.609 km/s speed 5
speed of light c 299.792 458 Mm/s * speed 3
degrees Fahrenheit oF equation  temperature 5
degrees Rankine oR equation  temperature 5
R-value R 0.1761 K.m2/W thermal insulance 6
radar nautical mile ?   12.261 µs time 6
second (sidereal) s 0.997 269 6 s time 3
minute (sidereal) m 59.836 17 s time 3
minute (solar) min 60 s * time 3
hour (sidereal) h 3.590 170 ks time 3
hour (solar) h 3.6 ks * time 3
day (sidereal) d 86.164 09 ks time 3
day (solar) d 86.4 ks * time 3
week (work, 40 h) wk 144 ks time 3
week (calendar) wk 604.8 ks time 3
month (sidereal) mo 2.360 591 Ms time 3
month (synodic or lunar) mo 2.551 443 Ms time 3
month (mean calendar) mo 2.63 Ms time 3
year (lunar)   30.617 309 Ms time 3
year (common calendar, 365 d) yr 31.536 001 Ms time 3
year (tropical or seasonal) a 31.556 926 Ms time 3
year (sidereal)   31.558 150 Ms time 3
year (anomalistic)   31.558 430 Ms time 3
year (leap calendar, 366 d)   31.622 401 Ms time 3
decade   315.6 Ms time 3
century   3.156 Gs time 3
millennium   31.56 Gs time 3
dyne centimeter dyn.cm 0.1 µN.m * torque 4
"ounce-inch" (ounce-force inch) oz-in 7.061 mN.m torque 5
"inch-pound" (pound-force inch) in-lb 113 mN.m torque 6
foot pound (pound-force foot) ft.lb 1.356 N.m torque 5
centipoise cp 1 mPa.s * viscosity, absolute 4
API "weight" (petroleum)  

equation 

viscosity, absolute 6
reyn (lbf.s/in2) ?   6.894 76 kPa.s viscosity, absolute 5
gallon (US) per day per square foot gpd/sf 0.144 mm2/s viscosity, kinematic 6
stokes (cm2/s) st 0.0001 m2/s viscosity, kinematic 4
saybolt second ?   ?   viscosity, kinematic 6
redwood second ?   ?   viscosity, kinematic 6
drop gtt 50 µL * volume 6
minim (US) ?   61.61 µL volume 1
"mill" or "cc" (slang)   1 mL * volume 4
teaspoon (US) tsp 5 mL volume 1
tablespoon (US) Tbsp 15 mL volume 1
cubic inch cu in 16.387 064 mL * volume 1
fluid ounce (US) ("shot") fl oz 29.574 mL volume 6
jigger (US) (1.5 fl oz) ji 44 mL volume 6
cup (US) C 240 mL volume 6
pint (US liquid) pt 473.2 mL volume 1
pint (US dry) pt 550.6 mL volume 1
bottle (wine)   750 mL * volume 4
quart (US liquid) qt 946.4 mL volume 1
liters per flush Lpf 1 L * volume 6
quart (US dry) qt 1.101 L volume 1
magnum   1.5 L * volume 4
board foot bf 2.36 L volume 1
gallon (US liquid) gal 3.785 L volume